The Meke dance is a cornerstone of Fijian culture, embodying the rich history, traditions, and spiritual beliefs of the Fijian people. This traditional dance form is not just a performance but a storytelling medium that conveys legends, historical events, and social values through intricate movements and rhythmic music. Let’s delve into the fascinating history, origins, and contemporary relevance of the Meke dance.
The origins of the Meke dance are deeply rooted in Fijian mythology and spirituality. According to traditional beliefs, the dance was a gift from the gods, taught to the Fijian people by divine beings in the spirit world. These deities imparted the songs and dances to chosen individuals, known as daunivucu, who then passed them down through generations1.
The term “Meke” itself is derived from the Fijian language, and it is related to the words “maka” in Rotuman and “mele” in Hawaiian, both of which refer to song and dance1. Historically, Meke was performed during significant social and religious events, serving as a means to communicate with the spiritual realm and honor the gods2.
A traditional Meke performance is a communal event involving both men and women. The dance is typically divided into two main groups: the vakatara, who provide the musical accompaniment, and the matana, who perform the dance movements2. The vakatara sit on the ground and sing, often using instruments like bamboo tubes (derua), small hardwood gongs (lali), and beating sticks to create rhythmic music2.
The dancers, adorned with garlands of flowers (salusalu) and leafy adornments on their wrists and ankles (vesa), move gracefully to the music. Men often wear traditional warrior costumes, while women don skirts and tops, their bodies glistening with scented coconut oil2. The choreography of Meke varies widely, from fast-paced spear dances to slow, graceful fan dances, each telling a unique story2.
Meke is more than just a dance; it is a vital part of Fijian cultural identity. It serves as a repository of oral history, preserving legends, historical events, and social values. Through Meke, Fijians pass down knowledge and traditions from one generation to the next, ensuring the continuity of their cultural heritage2.
The dance also plays a crucial role in social cohesion. It brings communities together, fostering a sense of unity and shared identity. During important ceremonies, such as weddings, births, and funerals, Meke is performed to mark the occasion and honor the participants2.
In contemporary Fiji, Meke continues to thrive as a vibrant cultural practice. It is performed during national celebrations, festivals, and tourism events, showcasing the rich cultural heritage of Fiji to both locals and visitors3. The annual Hibiscus Festival in Suva, for example, features Meke performances as a highlight of the event, attracting large audiences3.
Meke has also found a place in the global cultural landscape. Fijian communities abroad, particularly in countries with significant Fijian populations, such as Australia, New Zealand, and the United States, continue to perform Meke as a way to maintain their cultural ties and share their heritage with others3.
Moreover, Meke has been incorporated into contemporary artistic expressions. Fijian artists and choreographers are blending traditional Meke elements with modern dance forms, creating innovative performances that resonate with younger generations while preserving the essence of the traditional dance3.
The Meke dance of Fiji is a testament to the enduring cultural heritage of the Fijian people. Its origins in mythology and spirituality, its role in preserving oral history, and its continued relevance in modern times highlight the deep connection between the Fijian people and their traditions. Whether performed in a village setting or on a global stage, Meke remains a powerful expression of Fijian identity and cultural pride.
